Whitcomb, David, Talia DeFrancesco Oranburg, Rhea Vallente, and Randall E Brand. “3. SMART Medical Review: CA 19-9 and Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC).: CA 19-9 and Pancreatic Cancer”. SMART-MD Journal of Precision Medicine 1, no. 1 (July 10, 2024): 14–27. Accessed May 30, 2026. https://smart-md.org/index.php/jpm/article/view/1.